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Which compound when dissolved in water will turn blue litmus paper red?


a. H2O (l)


b. BaCI2 (aq)


c. HClO (aq)


d. NH4OH (aq)



Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2) and calcium hydroxide. If 5.50 mol calcium carbide reacts with an excess of water, how many moles of acetylene will be produced?



Whenever solid calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 (commonly known as lime) is present in water, it dissolves according to the equation:

Ca(OH)2(s)   ↔  Ca2+(aq)  +  2OH-(aq)

until the rate of the backward reaction equals the rate of the forward reaction and the solution is saturated.


A CAPE Chemistry student sought to determine the solubility product, Ksp of calcium hydroxide by titrating saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 against standardized hydrochloric acid solution, HCl. The saturated Ca(OH)2 solution was filtered, to remove excess solute, and 25mL aliquots were titrated against 0.10M HCl solution using bromothymol blue indicator.


  1. Calculate the concentration of Calcium Hydroxide. 
  2. Use the equilibrium expression for the dissolution of Ca(OH)2 to determine the concentration of Ca2+ and OH
  3. Calculate the Ksp for calcium hydroxide (state the units). 

A CAPE Chemistry student sought to determine the solubility product, Ksp of calcium hydroxide by titrating saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 against standardized hydrochloric acid solution, HCl. The saturated Ca(OH)2 solution was filtered, to remove excess solute, and 25mL aliquots were titrated against 0.10M HCl solution using bromothymol blue indicator.


Calculate the concentration of Calcium Hydroxide. 


Use the equilibrium expression for the dissolution of Ca(OH)2 to determine the concentration of Ca2+ and OH. [3]



Draw a structural formula for the alcohol formed by acid-catalyzed hydration of



each alkene:



(a) 2-Methyl-2-butene



(b) 2-Methyl-1-butene

a. A gas occupies a volume of 400 cm3




at a pressure of 2.00 atm.




What would be the new pressure if the volume is increased to 500 cm3 ?

How do you get the volume of HCl and Volume of gas in a flask using a mass HCl of 53.23 g and Density HCl of 1.05 g/mL

What is the oxidation number nitrogen in PB(NO3)2

Derive an expression for the entrophy change for isothermal mixing of ideal gas

Chemist to determine copper concentration in rock sample. Knowing copper undergoes redox reactions, they chose to use iodometric titration for analysis. Unknown sample weighing 1.5098g was acidified with 3.0M H2SO4 to dissolve copper compounds and diluted with 30mL distilled water. This was followed by addition of excess KI producing I2 and CuI precipitate from Cu2+(Reaction 1). Then, liberated I2 reacted with excess KI forming triiodide anion(Reaction 2), which was titrated with Na2S2O3 titrant(Reaction 3). This entire solution required 17.60 mL of titrant to reach starch end point.

MW: Cu (63.546)

a. Write balanced chemical equation for Reactions 1-3

b. Write mole ratio between Cu2+ and S2O32–

Prior to titration of sample, titrant was standardized by taking 50.0 mL of 6.7863x10-3M standard KIO3 solution, acidifying, and adding KI crystals. Titration of this solution required 9.80mL to reach starch endpoint.

c. Write concentration of S2O32– titrant in M

d. Write copper content of rock sample in %w/w


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