Answer to Question #214486 in Physical Chemistry for Brown

Question

What are the pH and composition of a solution prepared by adding 0.05M CaCl_(2) 3 times10^(-4)MAlE and 3 times10^(-4)MNaHA to water? (Even though HA^(-) is unstable in water.it can be present in a dry salt that can be added to a solution.) Ignore the acid/base reactions of Ca^(2+) and assume that Davies Equation applies.When computing activity coefficients note that TOTCa and TOTCl are much greater than TOTA.

Answer 1

To investigate the cation incorporation into zirconium oxide, SIMS analysis was performed on the specimens prepared to have an equal oxide thickness in LiOH, NaOH, and KOH solutions. Even though they have an equal oxide thickness in LiOH, NaOH, and KOH solutions, the penetration depth of cation into the oxide decreased with an increase in the ionic radius of cation. The cation is considered to control the corrosion in alkali hydroxide solutions and its effect is dependent on the concentration of alkali and the oxide thickness. The slight enhancement of the corrosion rate at a low concentration is thought to be caused by cation incorporation into oxide, while the significant acceleration at a high concentration is due to the transformation of oxide microstructures that would be also induced by cation incorporation into oxide.