Organic Chemistry Answers

Using equation only differentiate between heterolytic and homolytic bond fission

Acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides and amides, and their reactions

Explain the following substituent effects on acidity.

(i)

Acetic acid pKa = 4.74

Chloroacetic acid pKa = 2.86

Dichloroacetic acid pKa = 1.26

(ii)

p-methoxy pKa = 4.46

m-nitro pKa = 3.47

p-nitro pKa = 3.41

Acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides and amides, and their reactions

1. Name at least one (1) set of reagents that is useful to perform this conversion

Acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides and amides, and their reactions

Carboxylic acids and their reactions (as acids; addition-elimination to form esters)

Using structures only, list three examples of diastereomers, showing the different chirality centres as well as the possible stereoisomer?

For the final section, use relevant information from the other sections of your handbook, to give a plan of a multi-step synthesis of

• ethyl ethanoate (CH3CO2CH2CH3), starting from ethanol and ethanal

• N-ethylacetamide (CH3CONHCH2CH3), starting from chloroethane and ethanoyl chloride

You will need to include reagents, reaction conditions and intermediate products involved in each step.

Ray accidentally mixed 100 mL of decanol, 100 mL phenol, and 5.00 g of benzoic  acid. Using a schematic diagram, show how the 3 compounds can be separated