Answer to Question #165374 in Organic Chemistry for Xavier

Question

Define the following:

• Homolytic fission
• Heterolytic fission
• Resonance effect
• Inductive effect

Answer 1

Homolytic fission: It is defined as the cleavage in which a covalent bond breaks in such a way that each atom takes away one electron of the shared pair. They contain an unpaired electron.

In chemistry, heterolysis or heterolytic fission (from Greek ἕτερος, heteros, "different", and λύσις, lusis, "loosening") is the process of cleaving a covalent bond where one previously bonded species takes both original bonding electrons from the other species.

Resonance effect is the polarity produced in a molecule due to interaction between a lone pair of electron and a pi bond or it is produced due to interaction of two pi bonds between two adjacent atoms.

In chemistry, the inductive effect is an effect regarding the transmission of unequal sharing of the bonding electron through a chain of atoms in a molecule, leading to a permanent dipole in a bond.