Answer to Question #242799 in General Chemistry for arny

Question

Atoms of element H (Chlorine) combined to form diatomic molecules at room temperature. Explain the melting point and boiling point of molecule H.

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Answer 1

Hydrogen has a melting point of -259.14 °C and a boiling point of -252.87 °C. Hydrogen has a density of 0.08988 g/L, making it less dense than air.

(a) because each Cl atom has only one electron to form a formal bond within the valence shell.

(b) because neutral Cl atom has a high electron affinity and will share electrons covalently with another atom.

(c) because although technically empty 3d valence orbitals are present in the 3rd quantum shell, because of electron repulsion terms they are not energetically available for donor-acceptor interactions (such as can occur in iodine in solution or at room temperature in the solid state.