The proper growth and functioning of the cells require specific substances or chemicals that are used as building blocks of the cell structures or as a source of energy. Although cells can use various types of chemicals in their metabolism, some substances are crucial for cell functioning. They include monosaccharides (i.e., glucose) that are used in catabolic processes resulting in the production of ATP, amino acids that are used for the synthesis of proteins of variable functions, vitamins that are used in some enzymatic reactions and some lipids required for the integrity of the cellular membrane.
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