Question

List the steps of photosynthesis, from light reactions, to the Calvin cycle. What are the beginning and end products and how much of each? Where do each of the steps occur?( i.e. not just in the chloroplast, but where in the chloroplast?.

Answer 1

Question #82713, Biology, Other

Question:

List the steps of photosynthesis, from light reactions, to the Calvin cycle. What are the beginning and end products and how much of each? Where do each of the steps occur? (i.e. not just in the chloroplast, but where in the chloroplast?)

Answer:

Light reactions:

1. Carbon dioxide and water enter the plant leaves.

2. Light activates chlorophyll splitting H₂O into O₂ (2H₂O → O₂ + 2H+ + 2e, thylakoid membrane)

3. Released electrons go through electron transport chain interacting with NADP⁺ producing NADPH whereas H⁺ leads to the formation of proton gradient leading to the production of ATP (H₂O → electron transport chain → ATP + 2NADPH, thylakoid membrane).

Light independent reactions (Calvin cycle, all reaction occur in the chloroplast stroma):

1. Carbon fixation. 6 CO₂ + 6 ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate + 12 ATP → 12 3-phosphoglyceric acid + 12 ADP

2. Reduction. 12 3-phosphoglyceric acid + 12 NADPH → 12 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 12 NADP⁺

3. Regeneration. 10 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + 6 ATP → 6 ribulose phosphate + 6 ADP → 6 ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

4. Glucose production. 2 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → glucose

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