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what is the limit for fungal count in purified water
please tell me the flow chart of purified water generation system
what is meant by "endogenous parkin" and "endogenous ubiquitin" , i know what is parkin and ubiquitin but what is meant by endogenous here ?
Can you please translate this is simple words , i am not a student of biology but have been asked to read a Nature paper , these are lines from it

Parkin is recruited selectively to depolarized mitochondria and directs mitophagy. HeLa cells transfected with HA-Parkin were treated with CCCP for the indicated times( there was a figure in which times were indicated). Mitochondria were stained by anti-TOM20 and a mitochondrial membrane potential-dependent Mitotracker. Parkin was stained with anti-HA. Without treatment mitochondria are intact and stained by both mitochondrial markers.After 2 hours of CCCP treatment, mitochondria are depolarized as shown by the loss of mitochondrial staining. After 24hr of CCCP treatment, massive loss of mitochondria is observed as shown by the disappearance of the mitochondrial marker. Only parkin positive cells show mitochondrial clustering and clearance, in contrast to transfected cells.
Gram + coccus, arrangement 12-14cells forming a chain, incubated in candle jar with increased carbon dioxide, exhibits partial hemolysis of redblood cells when plated on blood agar, (alpha hemolysis), resistant to the antibiotic bacitracin?
1)code for a strand of DNA: 3'-AAT AAT AAT-5', write the code for a complementary sequence of DNA.

2)code for a strand of DNA:3'-CGA CGA CGA-5',write the code for a complementary sequence of RNA.

3)The virus nucleic acid was incorporated into the kidney cells DNA between the following sequences: ATA ATA ATA ATA. When the virus incorporated its DNA into the kidney cell DNA, the sequence read: ATC CCC AAT AAT AAT A
What was the DNA sequence of the virus DNA?
1. What is the difference between sprillum and spirochete?
2. Please explain the structure of gram negativebacterias' cell wall?
3. What is the basic structure of cell wall?
4. Explain Quorem sensing?
5. How bacteria taxonomy are organized?
6. How spirochete get its spiral shape?
what age population best spreads a disease?
I have been trying to do Minimum Inhibitory Concentration to see the effect of short chain fatty acids on microbial growth. I have 2 problems 1) what dilution concentration should I use for Butyric acid? 2) How Can I make sure I add the same amount of Bacteria in each tube? I am using optical density to calculate the bacterial growth of my overnight culture but I do not know how I can have same optical density in each tube.
Pick an enzyme and an organims that performs cellular respriation. (1) List an enzyme
and describe it's function and where in the body it would be found - cell type (ex: Liver, skin cell) and (2) List an organism that performs cellular respiration - describe what it eats and how the organims breaks it down (depends on if the organism is eatting carbs, proteins or fats of how you proceed). Struggling with this one, please help!
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