Answer to Question #165593 in Genetics for Shahid ali

Question

 What evolutionary factors can cause allele frequencies to change and possibly lead to a genetic polymorphism? Discuss the relative importance of each type of process.

Answer 1

Mutation,Gene flow, Genetic drift, and Natural selection.

Mutation

it creates a new DNA sequence for a particular gene, creating a new allele. Recombination also can create a new DNA sequence (a new allele) for a specific gene through intragenic recombination.

Gene Flow

 It is very important because it deals with the movement of virulent mutant alleles among different field populations.In pathogens reproducing only asexually, in which no recombination occurs, entire genotypes can be transferred from one population to another. This is known as genotype flow.

Natural Selection

Natural selection can lead to speciation, where one species gives rise to a new and distinctly different species. It is one of the processes that drives evolution and helps to explain the diversity of life on Earth.

Genetic Drift

Drift leads to an increase in homozygosity for diploid organisms and causes an increase in the inbreeding coefficient. Drift increases the amount of genetic differentiation among populations if no gene flow occurs among them. Genetic drift also has two significant longer-term evolutionary consequences.