Answer to Question #67460 in Cell Biology for kat

Question

Describe the anatomy, function and physiology of female and male reproductive systems, explain the process and regulation of oogenesis and spermatogenesis and apply it to the process of fertilisation, pregnancy and childbirth

Answer 1

Male reproduction system produce sperm and secrete hormones.
It includes system of ducts (epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, urethra), Accessory Sex Glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands) and Several Supporting Structures (scrotum - supports testes, penis - delivers sperm into female reproductive tract).
It performs such functions: transports and stores sperm; assists in maturation of sperm, conveys it to the exterior.
Produced semen inclused sperm plus secretion and is provided by accessory glands.

Female reproduction system includes the following organs: ovaries, uterine (fallopian) tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, mammary glands.
Each of them perform the following functions:
1) The ovaries produce:
- secondary oocytes;
- hormones, including progesterone and estrogens (female sex hormones), inhibin, relaxin.
2) The uterine tubes transport:
- a secondary oocyte to the uterus;
- normally are the sites where fertilization occurs;
3) The uterus is the site of:
- implantation of fertilized ovum;
- development of fetus during pregnancy and labor;
4) The vagina:
- receives the penis during sexual intercourse;
- is a passageway for childbirth.
5) The mammary glands:
- synthesize;
- secrete;
- eject milk for nourishment of the newborn.