Biochemistry Answers

1) Acetyltransferase enzymes modify a lysine side chain with an acetyl group. Titration of the pKa of the lysine substrate reveals the pKa value to be 8.1. What is the likely environment surrounding the lysine sidechain before it is acetylated? (Choose all that apply)

Cannot hypothesize based on the given information and prior knowledge
Water accessible active site in the enzyme
Water inaccessible highly polar active site
Largely non-polar and water inaccessible active site
Solvent exposed and near the enzyme surface

Explain, with the use of a graph, why ATP is able to perform useful work in a cell?

Show how ΔG is related to membrane potential and ion concentration

The reaction catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase has a ΔGo/ of +29kJmol-1.

Can this reaction proceed spontaneously? Explain your answer.

What does the second law of thermodynamics state? If the entropy of a folded protein is lower than that of the protein in its denatured state explain how the folding process be spontaneous?

What is classical thermodynamics and how exactly can it be applied to open systems like in biology?

Discuss the functions of pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin.

Describe the functions two three soluble vitamins and diseases that arise as
a result of their deficiency.

What are the different types of ketone bodies? also mention the diseases in which
the amount of ketone bodies increases in the body

Discuss diabetes and how it affects metabolism.