Question

what is the direction of an action potential wherein this is brought back to the axon hillock

Answer 1

Action potential always moves or transmits in one direction only, i.e., from the cell body or soma to the axonal synapse(s). Action potentials never go in reverse This is attributed to the presence of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels that once closed, remain closed for a period of 1-2 milliseconds, i.e., the refractory period. As a result, the refractory period forces the action potential to move only in one direction.