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In an experiment, 13.88 g of potassium propionate, C2H5CO2K, were weighed in a beaker and dissolved in a small amount of distilled water. The mixture is transferred to a 100 mL volumetric flask, made up to the mark and shaken well. 50.0 mL of this standard solution is mixed with 50.0 mL of a standard solution of propionic acid, C2H5CO2H in order to prepare a buffer solution of pH 5.66. The molar mass of potassium propionate is 112 g mol-1 and the pKa of propionic acid is 4.87. (i) What is the concentration of the propionic acid used to make the buffer? (4 marks) 5.0 mL of 5.0 M nitric acid were added to 100.0 mL of the buffer. (ii) Give a chemical equation to show the effect of nitric acid on the buffer. (2 marks) (iii) Calculate the new concentration of the propionic acid in the mixture. (
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