Answer to Question #155465 in Sociology for Thabi 8,9

Question

8.

Which option is associated with general factors that contribute to crime in South 

Africa?

1.Political rivalry as a contributing factor.

2.Political culture, violence and crime.

3.Poor credibility of the courts. 

4.Crime and economic development. 

9.The premise that certain people are born criminals through the inheritance of a genetic 

or physiological predisposition to crime, is linked to the …

1.rational choice perspective.

2.deterministic approach.

3.social learning perspective.

4.biological dimension.

Answer 1

8.-4.Crime and economic development.

-Due to poverty and deprivation, unstable living arrangements and inconsistent parenting, some South African children are exposed to risk factors which increase their chances of becoming involved in criminality and violence (Crime exposure). The high levels of inequality, poverty, unemployment, social exclusion and marginalisation (inadequate economic development)

9.-4.biological dimension.

-Biological dimension. The basic premise here is that certain people are born to be criminals through the inheritance of a genetic or physiological predisposition to crime. Environmental conditions are not ignored but viewed as potential triggers of the biological force.

-Social learning approach. is an assumption or view that people learn attitudes and techniques that are conducive to crime in both non-social and social situations from the positive reinforcement (reward) and negative reinforcement (punishment) that result from their own behaviour, whether that behaviour is criminal or law-abiding.

-Rational choice perspective. refers to a reward-risk approach that emphasises offenders’ strategic thinking and the ways that they process information and evaluate opportunities and alternatives

-Determinism. is an assumption of positivism that says that individual differences in behaviour are rooted in factors beyond, or at least not entirely within, the control of individuals