Question

A potential difference of 100 mV exists between the inner and outer surfaces of a cell membrane. The inner surface is negative relative to the outer surface. How much work is required to move a sodium ion (Na+) outside the cell from the interior of the cell). Express your answer in electron voltz, a single charged ion has a charge of 1eV= 1.6x10^-19J

Answer 1

$$W=q\Delta V,$$ $$W=1.6\cdot10^{-19}\ C\cdot100\cdot10^{-3}\ V=1.6\cdot10^{-20}\ J.$$