Answer to Question #163503 in Physics for Md jakaria

Question

Explain the phenomena of quality factor and sharpness of resonance of forced harmonic 

oscillator and clearly explain the factors on which the sharpness of resonance depends

Answer 1

The sharpness of resonance can be understood better by understanding resonance. Resonance is defined as the tendency of a system to vibrate with an increase in amplitude at the excitation of frequencies. Resonance frequency or resonant frequency is the maximum frequency at which the amplitude is relatively maximum. The Q factor is used to define the sharpness of the resonance.

The sharpness of resonance is defined using the Q factor which explains how fast energy decay in an oscillating system. The sharpness of resonance depends upon:

Damping: Effect due to which there is a reduction in amplitude of vibrations

Amplitude: Maximum displacement of a point on a vibrating body which is measured from its equilibrium position.

The sharpness of resonance increases or decreases with an increase or decrease in damping and as the amplitude increases, the sharpness of resonance decreases.

Q factor or quality factor is a dimensionless parameter that is used to describe the underdamped resonator and characterizes the bandwidth and center frequency of the resonator.