Question #164369

Describe an experiment to determine the speed of sound in free air. Your account should include

          a diagram, procedure, precautions, observations and conclusions.


1
Expert's answer
2021-03-21T11:33:05-0400

EXPERIMENT TO DETERMINE SPEED OF SOUND IN FREE AIR

RESONANCERESONANCE TUBETUBE EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT


AIM :To determine speed of sound in free air.


METHOD:Using resonance tube , finding 2 resonance positions with 2 different frequency tuning forks.


APPARATUS: Beaker, thermometer, resonance tube,measuring scale, 2 tuning forks of frequencies ν1=512\nu_1=512 and ν2=480\nu_2=480 , rubber pad


THEORY: Let l1l1 and l2l_2 be the lengths of air column for the first and second resonance respectively with a tuning fork of frequency ν\nu .


then, λ=2(l2l1)\lambda=2(l_2-l_1)

the speed, v=νλv =\nu\lambda

i.e, v=2ν(l2l1)\boxed{v=2\nu(l_2-l_1)}


DIAGRAM:



PROCEDURE:

  1. Set the resonance tube vertically upward on flat horizontal surface and fix it.
  2. then, fix the reservoir (R) on the top.
  3. after loosening the pinhock , fill water from the beaker in reservoir and tube.
  4. by lowering the reservoir fix it at lowest position and tightening the pinhock.
  5. now use tuning fork in the experiment .
  6. with the help of rubber pad vibrate the tuning fork by placing just above the end of metallic tube. and hold them in vertical plane .
  7. loosen pinhock little bit and allow water to fall slowly and stop pinhock wen you listen sound in tube. then again very slowly let water fall till you hear maximum loudness from the tube.
  8. then mark the position and measure it with scale. and write this in l1fallingl_1 ' falling.
  9. now, hold the reservoir on top most position and let the water rise in the tube till you hear sound in tube and then mark point where you hear maximum loudness and write this in l1risingl_1' rising .
  10. now increase the water level to thrice that n previous step. and then again follow step 7,8,9 and write reading in l2l_2' falling and l2l_2' rising.
  11. and now repeat steps 7,8,9,10 for the another tuning fork of different frequency. and mark its reading in l1"andl_1" ​ and l2"l_2" .
  12. note temperature of air column of the resonance tube with the help of thermometer .....at the beginning t1t_1 and at the end t2t_2 .
  13. note all observation in a table .



OBSERVATION:


Mean temperature in air column :t=t1+t22=28°t={t_1+t_2\over2}=28\degree (let,room temperature)


frequency of first fork, ν1=512\nu_1=512 HZH_Z


frequency of second fork ν2=480\nu_2=480 HZH_Z


    \implies Observation table





CONCLUSION

This include calculations and result of the experiment.


From 1st tuning fork ; v1=2ν(l2l1)=35020.8cm/sv_1=2\nu(l_2'-l_1')=35020.8 cm/s


From 2nd tuning fork; v2=2ν(l2"l1")=35136.0cm/sv_2=2\nu(l_2"-l_1")=35136.0 cm/s


therefore; Mean velocity at room temprature :

v=v1+v22=35078cm/sv= {v_1+v_2\over2}=35078 cm/s


Velocity\therefore Velocity of sound in air at room temperature is:

=35078cm/s=350.78m/s=35078cm/s=350.78 m/s



PRECAUTIONS:

  1. Resonance tube should be kept vertically and kept fix on horizontal surface.
  2. Pinch cock must be in proper condition and be tight .
  3. forks should be vibrated gently with help of rubber pad.
  4. tuning fork should be vibrated in vertical plane at end of tube.
  5. Reading should be noted in table carefully.
  6. do not use broken scale or set square to measure length.
  7. all the glass apparatus like tube and beaker should be kept gently and to be hold gently.




Need a fast expert's response?

Submit order

and get a quick answer at the best price

for any assignment or question with DETAILED EXPLANATIONS!

Comments

No comments. Be the first!
LATEST TUTORIALS
APPROVED BY CLIENTS