Question

The term 'lost volts' refers to -----------
energy per coulomb dissipated in the external (load) resistance
terminal potential difference
energy per coulomb dissipated in the internal resistance of the source of emf
energy per coulomb wasted to heat up the connecting wires

Answer 1

Answer on Question #59032, Physics / Electromagnetism |

The term 'lost volts' refers to ---

energy per coulomb dissipated in the external (load) resistance

terminal potential difference

energy per coulomb dissipated in the internal resistance of the source of emf

energy per coulomb wasted to heat up the connecting wires

Solution:

If you measure the potential difference across the terminals of a battery on its own you will get a different value to what you measure when it is in a complete circuit. The value will be less when the battery is included in a complete circuit. Sometimes the difference is called the lost volts. Nothing has actually been lost but energy has been transferred.

The full voltage of the power supply - the EMF $\varepsilon$ - is driving a current I through both an external resistance R and an internal resistance r. We therefore have:

$$\varepsilon = \frac{E}{Q}$$ $$\varepsilon = I(R + r)$$

The term 'lost volts' refers to the difference between the emf and the terminal voltage.

$$lost \ volts = Ir = \varepsilon - IR$$

Answer: energy per coulomb dissipated in the internal resistance of the source of emf.

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