Question #234235

the rate of electron emission from 4mg of 210Pb80 with half life 5 days is

answer is 1.84×10^13


1
Expert's answer
2021-09-07T14:07:24-0400

The rate of electron emission dNdt\dfrac{dN}{dt} is proportional to the number of nucleus NN in sample, accoring to the decay law (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_decay#Universal_law):


dNdt=λN\left| \dfrac{dN}{dt} \right| = \lambda N

where λ=ln2T\lambda = \dfrac{\ln2}{T}, where T=5days=432000sT = 5days = 432000s is the half life of 210Pb80.

The number of nuclei in sample with mass m=4mg=0.004gm = 4mg = 0.004g is given as follows:


N=mMNAN = \dfrac{m}{M}\cdot N_A

where M=210gmolM = 210\dfrac{g}{mol} is the molar mass of Pb, and NA6.022×1023mol1N_A \approx 6.022\times 10^{23}mol^{-1} is the Avogadro number. Putting it all together, obtain:


dNdt=mNAln2TMdNdt=0.004g6.022×1023mol1ln2432000s210g/mol1.84×1013s1\left| \dfrac{dN}{dt} \right| = \dfrac{mN_A\cdot \ln2}{TM}\\ \left| \dfrac{dN}{dt} \right| = \dfrac{0.004g\cdot 6.022\times 10^{23}mol^{-1}\cdot \ln2}{432000s\cdot 210g/mol} \approx 1.84\times 10^{13}s^{-1}

Answer. 1.84×1013s11.84\times 10^{13}s^{-1}.


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