Answer to Question #218532 in Atomic and Nuclear Physics for Maddy

Question

Compare alpha, beta and gamma emissions in terms of their mass, charge and relative ability to penetrate matter. 

Answer 1

Explanation:

α-particles:-

Charge=2e

Mass=4m_p

Ionization=high

Range=~10cm in air can be stopped by 1mm of Al

β-radiation:-

are fast moving electrons, and these are slightly more penetrating with respect to α-particles

Charge=e

Mass=$M_e$

Ionization=high

γ-radiation:-

Mass=0

Charge=0

Speed =very fast (~ light velocity)

V~c

Ionization=zero

Alpha

Penetration :-

The alpha rays are the least penetrating, followed by beta rays, and gamma rays are the most penetrating.

Alpha rays are the weakest and can be blocked by human skin and gamma rays are the strongest and only dense elements like lead can block them.