Answer to Question #90271 in Astronomy | Astrophysics for Shivam Nishad

Question

Explain why sunspots appear dark ?

Answer 1

Sunspots are formed as a result of the suppression of substance convection by a local release of a magnetic field. As a result, the heat transfer flux decreases, and the temperature in these areas drops by about 1500 K compared to the rest of the sun's surface.The sun can be considered as an absolutely black body, then according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, its luminosity is proportional to $T^4$ and colder areas look darker.