Lyman continuum radiation can be allowed to escape a galaxy mainly by two means. In one scenario, the source region scan be surrounded by a largely isotropic gas with a sufficiently low column density of neutral hydrogen NHI to not completely attenuate the passing Lyman-continuum radiation. This is usually referred to as the density-bounded medium. In a second scenario, the neutral medium is optically thick, but does not completely cover the ionizing sources. This scenario has been referred to as the picket fence model,or the ionization-bounded medium with holes.
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