Task. Give an example of a rational number between 2 \sqrt{2} 2 and 4 \sqrt{4} 4 .
Solution. In fact there are infinitely many rational numbers between any two distinct numbers a < b a<b a < b . For instance it is so for a = 2 a=\sqrt{2} a = 2 and b = 4 b=\sqrt{4} b = 4 .
To give an example it suffices to find a rational number q > 0 q>0 q > 0 such that
2 < q 2 < 4 , 2<q^{2}<4, 2 < q 2 < 4 ,
then
2 < q < 4 . \sqrt{2}<q<\sqrt{4}. 2 < q < 4 .
Notice that
2 < 1. 5 2 = 2.25 < 1. 6 2 = 2.56 < 1. 7 2 = 2.89 < 4 2\ <\ 1.5^{2}=2.25\ <\ 1.6^{2}=2.56\ <\ 1.7^{2}=2.89\ <\ 4 2 < 1. 5 2 = 2.25 < 1. 6 2 = 2.56 < 1. 7 2 = 2.89 < 4
Therefore
2 < 1.5 < 1.6 < 1.7 < 4 . \sqrt{2}<1.5<1.6<1.7<\sqrt{4}. 2 < 1.5 < 1.6 < 1.7 < 4 .
Thus we have found even 3 rational numbers between 2 \sqrt{2} 2 and 4 \sqrt{4} 4 .
Answer. 1.5 , 1.6 , 1.7 1.5,1.6,1.7 1.5 , 1.6 , 1.7 .
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