Answer to Question #175983 in Economics for Jean Claude

Question

Question 1

a) Using practical examples, distinguish the concept of “Equal Pay for Equal Work” from the notion of “Equal Pay for comparable work”.

b) Briefly establish the differences and/or similarities between Cyber Crime and Cyber Ethics.

c) Studying ethical issues requires the use of a certain number of approaches. With clear illustrations, compare and contrast any two of such approaches.

Answer 1

a) Remuneration consists of a fixed/permanent part (established for a specific position) and a variable part, which may be different for employees performing the same function.

“Work of equal value” means that employees perform the same functionality and the same amount of work.

b) Cybercrime refers to any criminal offense that involves a computer/network where the computer is used either to commit a crime or as the target of a crime, while computer forensics focuses on finding digital evidence on a computer or any other digital medium after a crime has occurred.

Cyberethics focuses on the behavior of people using a computer. Even simple human-machine interactions, such as computational problems, raise a lot of questions. Can I interfere with other users if the network is open to everyone? Who should think about the possible negative consequences of the programs - the developer or the customer? In addition, a dozen more technical, moral, legal, social, political, and philosophical questions will arise. They can be roughly divided into groups:

a code for professionals and ordinary users whose work is related to the use of computer technology;

protection of digital rights: copyright, privacy and freedom of speech;

legal problems regarding computer crimes.

c) Ethical research employs an experimental method. It is more active than the observation method. It provides the data necessary to identify ethical views, attitudes, judgments, to explain human behavior. A natural experiment is conducted under normal conditions (at a lecture, seminar, training sessions, etc.). It can be aimed at the formation of a culture of moral feelings, interests, needs, persistent moral behavior in general.

In a formative experiment, a special condition is created and changed in order to trigger the process under study and influence its course. For this purpose, a program and methods of education are being developed on the basis of studying the level of moral and ethical education of those involved. This allows the researcher to obtain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the investigated phenomenon, to make adjustments.

The method of analyzing moral and ethical situations helps to master the ethical values ​​of human actions, his attitude towards himself, towards other people, towards his duties. This method allows you to combine ethical education and upbringing of students with professional orientation, to strengthen the ethical orientation of future pedagogical work. The focus on the future, the desire to gain social independence accelerates the development of the profession by students. Expanding their knowledge, developing and acquiring all new knowledge, to reveal the motive of an action, to give an objective moral assessment of actions, to empathize, sympathize, to foresee the moral consequences of actions.