Governments intervene in housing markets to enhance people’s housing opportunities
and to ensure equitable access to housing. These interventions include fiscal measures, such
as taxes and subsidies; the direct provision of social housing or rent allowances; and various
regulations influencing the quantity, quality and price of housing.
Social housing is one way for governments to provide low-cost housing to poorer
households. In general it consists of rental dwellings, although home ownership can be
common in some countries (e.g. Italy, Mexico and Spain). The importance of social rentals
varies across OECD countries. In some countries it accounts for the majority of rentals
(e.g. in Austria, the Czech Republic, Ireland, the Netherlands, the Nordic countries, Poland
and the United Kingdom), while playing only a minor role in others (e.g. Hungary,
Luxembourg, Portugal and Switzerland).
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