Suppose that the price of materials used to produce computer hardware, such as graphics cards, is decreased. Show what occurs to price, quantity, consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus in the market for computers graphic cards using a supply-and-demand diagram (draw a graph). Furthermore, provide five explanations for what occurred.
Assume the government imposes a price ceiling on the cigarette market. Construct a cigarette demand and supply market. Give explainations (5) how non-binding and/ binding price ceilings cause a decrease in market efficiency.
a. Pencils cost Rs.2 each, and notebooks cost Rs.3 each. Fatima has income of Rs.60. She is considering a consumption bundle containing pencils and 10 notebooks.
b. Pencils cost Rs.2 each, and notebooks cost Rs.5 each. Fatima has income of Rs.110. She is considering a consumption bundle containing 2() pencils and 10 notebooks.
Pencils cost Rs.3 each, and notebooks cost Rs.lO each. Fatima has income of Rs.50. She is considering a consumption bundle containing 10 pencils and 3 notebooks
In the course of paper production, factories discharge a large amount of wastewater into rivers, causing decreasing population of fish and contamination of public water-supply system. Assume the rest of the society bears $10 in pollution damages for every unit of paper produced. Draw the marginal social cost curve on the above diagram, and calculate the socially efficient equilibrium. Briefly discuss how the existence of external costs makes market equilibrium to be different from a socially efficient equilibrium.