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There has been a decrease in the quantity of exports from South Africa to the United States of America due to various reasons.
Explain, with the use of a graph, the impact this had on the demand and supply of dollars and the exchange rate in South Africa
i. What is the cost of any input? (5 marks)
ii. With the aid of a clearly labeled diagrams, illustrate the
relationship between the following cost functions; Total Cost
(TC), Total variable Cost (TVC), Total Fixed costs (TFC),
Average Total cost (ATC), Average Variable Cost (AVC),
Average Fixed Costs (AFC) and Marginal Cost (MC). (15 marks)
iii. What is the main difference between fixed and variable costs? (5
marks)
i. A competitive firm making abnormal profits and subnormal profits (10
marks)
ii. A monopolist making normal profits and supernormal profits (10 Marks)
iii. What are the conditions for profit maximization? (5marks)
Qd = 20 – 2P; Qs = -40 + 6P.
.
i. What are the equilibrium conditions (5 marks)
ii. Find the equilibrium price (5 Marks)
iii. Find the equilibrium quantity (5 Marks)
iv. Calculate the own price elasticity of demand
Factors that determine changes in demand.
Identify factors that encourage firms to collude indirectly in an oligopoly market. Build a case study in the context of Nigeria, or your resident country.
Consider the production function Q = 2(KL) 0.5
a) What is the marginal product of labour and capital
b) What is the marginal rate of technical substitution of labor for capital
c) What is the elasticity of substitution at a point K = 1, L = 1 if we increase K by one unit?
Terry’s utility function over leisure (L) and other goods (Y) is U (L, Y) = Y + LY. The associated marginal utilities are MUY = 1 + L and MUL = Y. He purchases other goods at a price of $1, out of the income he earns from working. Show that, no matter what Terry’s wage rate, the optimal number of hours of leisure that he consumes is always the same.
(a) What is the number of hours he would like to have for leisure?
(b) Determine the MRS of leisure for labour
(c) Draw a leisure-influenced labor curve
Justin has the utility function U = xy, with the marginal utilities MUx = y and MUy = x. The price of x is $2, the price of y is py, and his income is 40. When he maximizes utility subject to his budget constraint, he purchases 5 units of y.
(a) What must be the price of y and the amount of x consumed?
(b) Prove that this allocation follows the equi-marginal principle.
(c) What would be the new bundles of x, y if Px was $3 .
Suppose that the quantity of corn supplied depends on the price of corn (P) and the amount of rainfall (R). The demand for corn depends on the price of corn and the level of disposable income (I). The equations describing the supply and demand relationships are Qs = 20R + 100P and Qd = 4000 − 100P + 10I.
a) Sketch a graph of demand and supply curves.
b) Sketch a graph that shows the effect of an increase in rainfall on the equilibrium price and quantity of corn.
c) Sketch a graph of demand and supply curves that shows the effect of a decrease in disposable income on the equilibrium price and quantity of corn.
