2. The economy of Newland is in short-run macroeconomic equilibrium. The current real output is $400 billion, and the full employment output is $500 billion. The marginal propensity to consume is 0.8.
(c) Which fiscal policy action, changing government spending or changing taxes, is more effective in closing the output gap? Explain.
(d) Assume instead Newland’s government decides not to take any policy action. Will short-run aggregate supply increase, decrease, or stay the same in the long run? Explain.