Imidazole is a component of the elution buffer that causes the release of column-bound PFU from the Ni-NTA. Imidazole competes with His-tag for the binding to Ni-NTA. As a result, at high concentration (i.e., 150-300 mM), imidazole is a competitive inhibitor of the interaction between histidine and Ni-NTA resin leading to the elution of column-bound PFU from Ni-NTA resin.
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