Answer to Question #112356 in Chemistry for Yasmin

Question

Excess hydrochloric acid and nitrous acid are reacted with 45.0 g of aniline. The products are the explosive compound benzenediazonium chloride and water. The percentage yield for benzenediazonium chloride is 55.0%. Find the product obtained and the product expected.

Answer 1

Solution:

The balanced chemical equation:

C₆H₅NH₂ + NaNO₂ + 2HCl = C₆H₅N₂Cl + NaCl + 2H₂O

Moles of aniline = Mass of aniline / Molar mass of aniline

Molar mass of aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) is 93.13 g/mol.

Moles of aniline = n(C₆H₅NH₂) = (45.0 g) / (93.13 g/mol) = 0.4832 mol.

According to the chemical equation:

Moles of aniline = Moles of benzenediazonium chloride.

n(C₆H₅NH₂) = n(C₆H₅N₂Cl) = 0.4832 mol.

Expected mass of benzenediazonium chloride = Moles of C₆H₅N₂Cl × Molar mass of C₆H₅N₂Cl

Molar mass of benzenediazonium chloride (C₆H₅N₂Cl) is 140.57 g/mol

m_expected(C₆H₅N₂Cl) = (0.4832 mol) × (140.57 g/mol) = 67.92 g

Obtained mass of C₆H₅N₂Cl = % yield × Expected mass of C₆H₅N₂Cl

m_obtained(C₆H₅N₂Cl) = (0.55) × (67.92 g) = 37.36 g

Answer:

The product expected is 67.92 g.

The product obtained is 37.36 g.