Answer to Question #169537 in Physical Chemistry for Khushi

Question

Define the following terms

a) Molarity

b) Ideal solutions

c) Conjugate solutions

d) Metastable equilibrium

e) Condensed systems

f) Congruent melting point

g) Ionic mobility

h) Conductivity water

i) Standard electrode potential

j) Concentration cells

Answer 1

Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per liters of a solution.

In Ideal solution is a mixture in which the molecules of different species are distinguishable, however, unlike the ideal gas, the molecules in ideal solution exert forces on one another. When those forces are the same for all molecules independent of species then a solution is said to be ideal.

conjugate solution - a mixture of two partially miscible liquids A and B produces two conjugate solutions: one of A in B and another of B in A. conjugate. solution - a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution.

metastable equilibrium is defined as the state in which a system remains for a long period of time, and any slight disturbance causing the system to deviate from the metastable state does not result in the system passing into another state.

A chemical system in which the vapor pressure is negligible or in which the pressure maintained on the system is greater than the vapor pressure of any portion.

Congruent melting occurs during melting of a compound when the composition of the liquid that forms is the same as the composition of the solid. It can be contrasted with incongruent melting. ... Accordingly, there will be three fusion or freezing point curves AC, BE and CDE for the three solid phases.

The ionic mobility is described as the speed achieved by an ion moving through a gas under a unit electric field.

Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to pass an electrical current. Because dissolved salts and other inorganic chemicals conduct electrical current

In electrochemistry, standard electrode potential (E°) is defined as the measure of the individual potential of a reversible electrode at standard state with ions at an effective concentration of 1mol dm−3 at the pressure of 1 atm.

A concentration cell is an electrolytic cell that is comprised of two half-cells with the same electrodes, but differing in concentrations. A concentration cell acts to dilute the more concentrated solution and concentrate the more dilute solution, creating a voltage as the cell reaches an equilibrium