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The reaction of 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene and HBr (1:1 mole) gives two products I and II.
i). Which of the two products (I or II) is the 1,4-addition product? Explain the significance of the numbers 1 and 4?
ii). Which of the two products would be more stable? Explain.
iii). The carbocation intermediate that leads to I is what? What is the structure of the carbocation that leads to II?
iv). Which product I or II is the kinetic product? Explain your choice.
v). Which product I or II is the thermodynamic product? Explain your choice.
The reaction scheme shows the synthesis of 2-methylpentnoic acid from diethyl malonate (malonic ester).
i). The reagents in step 1 are: (i) EtO and (ii) an alkyl halide. What alkyl halide is required in step 1? Draw a mechanism for the reactions that occur in step 1.
ii). suggest reagents for step 2.
iii). suggest reagents for step 3. Name this type of reaction.
iv). Step 4 is a thermal decarboxylation reaction. show a mechanism for the decarboxylation in step 4 that results in the formation of 2-methylpentnoic acid, and explain why the decarboxylation of the dicarboxylic acid in step 4 is particularly facile that is it readily occurs.
1. In this example we are given the partial pressure of each gas in the mixture.
2 SO 2 (g) + O 2 (g) <-> 2SO 3 (g)
The equilibrium partial pressure at constant temperature are SO 2 = 10 6 Pa, SO 3 = 8 x10 6 Pa, O 2 = 7 x 10 6 Pa. Calculate the value of Kp and its unit in Pa.
2. The equilibrium between three substances, A, B and C is shown below
A(g) + B(g) <-> C (g)
Initially there were 0/1 mol A and 0.2 mol of B in the reaction mixture. A and B reacted
together to produce an equilibrium mixture containing 0.04 mol of C. The total volume
of the mixture is 2 dm3.
a. Construct ICE table and complete it
b. Calculate the value of Kc and its unit
4. When 1 mol of N2O4 gas is allowed to come to equilibrium with NO2 gas under standard
conditions, only 20% of the N2O4 is dissociated.
N 2 O 4 (g) <-> 2 NO 2 (g)
Calculate the value of Kv . Assume the volume of the system is 1 dm3.
Although both water and methane have the same number of electron groups around the central atoms, which one has a deviation in bond angle that can't be accounted for by VSEPR theory and why?
Although both water and methane have the same number of electron groups around the central atoms, which one has a deviation in bond able that can't be accounted for by VSEPR theory?
Draw the following molecule: 7-bromo-6-ethyl-4-phenyl-trans-nonan-2-yne-5-ene
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Balance the redox equation:
H2S + Cr2O7^2- > S +Cr^3+ (acidic medium)
4.00×10−3 molmol of HBrHBr are dissolved in water to make 11.0 LL of solution. What is the concentration of hydroxide ions, [OH−][OH−], in this solution?
Consider the following reaction:
PCl (g)+ Cl (g) PCl (g) K = 4.30 x 10-6
Initially, 2.50 M PCl3 and 1.40 M Cl2 are placed into a container and allowed to reach equilibrium. Determine the equilibrium concentrations of all the species
