Organic Chemistry Answers

What principles or rules are violated in the following electronic configuration \\(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p_{x}^{2}2p_{y}^{1}\\)?

4.4 A sample with a concentration of 0.3 g/mL was placed in a cell with a length of 5 cm. The resulting rotation at the sodium D line was +1.52°. What is the [α]D?

Uses and applications of cycloalkanes

Show the mechanism of formation of protosil.

5-Amino-2, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid A is a potential intermediate in the preparation of natural products of medicinal value. Propose syntheses, starting from methylbenzene (toluene).

Acid-catalyzed cascade reactions are employed by nature and also by synthetic chemists in the construction of complex polycyclic molecules, including steroids. Provide a mechanism for the following multiple cyclization.

Many polycyclic benzenoid hydrocarbons (polyaromatic hydrocarbon) are carcinogenic. Benzo[a]pyrene, a widely distributed environmental pollutant is produced in the combustion of organic matter, such as automobile fuel and oil (for domestic heating and industrial power generation), in incineration of refuse, in forest fires, in burning cigarettes and cigars, and even in roasting meats. The following structures shown below are carcinogenic.

Heating any of the three isomeric dimethylbenzenes with HF in the presence of BF3 to 80oC leads to the equilibrium mixture shown below. Formulate a mechanism for these isomerizations, starting with 1,2-dimethylbenzene and simply using H+ to represent the acid. Why is the equilibrium concentration of the 1,2-isomer the lowest?

H2C=Cl-Cl reacts with C2H50Na/C2H5OH