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Finally, prepare an instructional video or presentation, using your pictures and diagrams to accompany your verbal presentation and explanation of your handbook content
Why pH of refined glycerol decrease when it flow through activated carbon (AC) in adsorption process ? and what are major factor that affect in this issue ?
For the final section, use relevant information from the other sections of your handbook, to give a plan of a multi-step synthesis of
• ethyl ethanoate (CH3CO2CH2CH3), starting from ethanol and ethanal
• N-ethylacetamide (CH3CONHCH2CH3), starting from chloroethane and ethanoyl chloride
You will need to include reagents, reaction conditions and intermediate products involved in each step.
Your handbook will be much more interesting to your audience if pictures of 3D models of your molecules are included where it is appropriate.
For the final section, use relevant information from the other sections of your handbook, to give a plan of a multi-step synthesis of
• ethyl ethanoate (CH3CO2CH2CH3), starting from ethanol and ethanal
• N-ethylacetamide (CH3CONHCH2CH3), starting from chloroethane and ethanoyl chloride
You will need to include reagents, reaction conditions and intermediate products involved in each step.
A substance has the molecular formula C4H9N. Is there any likelihood that this material contains a triple bond? Explain your reasoning.
. (a) A researcher analyzed an unknown solid, extracted from the bark of spruce trees, to determine its percentage composition. An 11.32-mg sample was burned in a combustion apparatus. The carbon dioxide (24.87 mg) and water (5.82 mg) were collected and weighed. From the results of this analysis, calculate the percentage composition of the unknown solid. (b) Determine the empirical formula of the unknown solid. PROBLEMS 14782_01_Ch1_p001-014.pp3.qxd 1/25/08 10:11 AM Page 13 (c) Through mass spectrometry, the molecular mass was found to be 420 g/mole. What is the molecular formula? (d) How many aromatic rings could this compound contain?
Calculate the molecular formulas for possible compounds with molecular masses of 136; use the Rule of Thirteen. You may assume that the only other atoms present in each molecule are carbon and hydrogen. (a) A compound with two oxygen atoms (b) A compound with two nitrogen atoms (c) A compound with two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (d) A compound with five carbon atoms and four oxygen atoms
An alkaloid was isolated from a common household beverage. The unknown alkaloid proved to have a molecular mass of 194. Using the Rule of Thirteen, determine a molecular formula and an index of hydrogen deficiency for the unknown. Alkaloids are naturally occurring organic substances that contain nitrogen. (Hint: There are four nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms in the molecular formula. The unknown is caffeine. Look up the structure of this substance in The Merck Index and confirm its molecular formula.)
A carbohydrate was isolated from a sample of cow’s milk. The substance was found to have a molecular mass of 342. The unknown carbohydrate can be hydrolyzed to form two isomeric compounds, each with a molecular mass of 180. Using the Rule of Thirteen, determine a molecular formula and an index of hydrogen deficiency for the unknown and for the hydrolysis products. (Hint: Begin by solving the molecular formula for the 180-amu hydrolysis products. These products have one oxygen atom for every carbon atom in the molecular formula. The unknown is lactose. Look up its structure in The Merck Index and confirm its molecular formula.)
The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) confiscated a hallucinogenic substance during a drug raid. When the DEA chemists subjected the unknown hallucinogen to chemical analysis, they found that the substance had a molecular mass of 314. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of carbon and hydrogen only. Using the Rule of Thirteen, determine a molecular formula and an index of hydrogen deficiency for this substance. (Hint: The molecular formula of the unknown also contains two oxygen atoms. The unknown is tetrahydrocannabinol, the active constituent of marijuana. Look up the structure of tetrahydrocannabinol in The Merck Index and confirm its molecular formula.)
