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Show the synthesis of butyl propanoate from the 1-chlorobutane and 1-propanol. Draw and name reactants and products. Indicate what type of reaction this would be
Benzoic acid is 9 times more soluble in chloroform than in water. The percent benzoic acid that will remain in the water solution of benzoic acid after 2 extractions is?
Stage 1: If twice as much chloroform as water is used on stage 1
Stage 2: Then as much chloroform as water is used on stage 2
Fresh chloroform is used in each stage.
The distribution coefficient of X for benzene and water is 10. Find the amount of X extracted if 1 g of it dissolved in 100 mL of water is equilibrated in a separatory funnel with 100 mL of benzene.
Which solvent is appropriate to use in the iodoform test?
Select one:
Dioxane
Acetone
Acetaldehyde
Need explanation
Show the synthesis of butyl propanoate from the 1-butanol and 1-propanol. Draw and name reactants and products. Indicate what type of reaction this would be.
Calculate the pH of a 0.0061 M solution of HNO3
Examine the importance and impact of isomerism in industry – research case studies in order to consider the formation of different isomers during manufacture of.
• Thalidomide babies
• One of the isomers is a treatment for Parkinson’s disease
• Spearmint
• how their presence may influence the industrial process, the differences in properties that they might have, and the possible consequences of ignoring the presence of isomerism of.
• Yield/cost/ health & safety
• 50:50 ratio (racemic mixture )-
• D-isomer:L-isomer
• Stereoisomers ( +/- = rotate the polarised light to the right +) or to the left (-)
• Stereospecificity
• D (+) – dextrorotatory isomer
• L (-) – Laevorotatory isomer
Examine the importance and impact of isomerism in industry – research case studies in order to consider the formation of different isomers during manufacture of.
• Thalidomide babies
• One of the isomers is a treatment for Parkinson’s disease
• Spearmint
• how their presence may influence the industrial process, the differences in properties that they might have, and the possible consequences of ignoring the presence of isomerism of.
• Yield/cost/ health & safety
• 50:50 ratio (racemic mixture )-
• D-isomer:L-isomer
• Stereoisomers ( +/- = rotate the polarised light to the right +) or to the left (-)
• Stereospecificity
• D (+) – dextrorotatory isomer
• L (-) – Laevorotatory isomer
Analyse the therapeutic or chemical effects of isomerism. Research the drugs thalidomide and ibuprofen, and their therapeutic effects. Both drugs have optical isomers: compare the structures and properties of the optical isomers in each case study. Explain why one of these drugs is only available as a single optical isomer whilst the other is sold as a racemic mixture (a 50:50 mixture of both optical isomers). Discuss the implications of having to separate a racemic mixture into its stereoisomers and the implications if the two stereoisomers are not separated, with reference to the two drugs.
(This provides evidence for D3)
Examine the importance and impact of isomerism in industry – research case studies in order to consider the formation of different isomers during manufacture,
• Thalidomide babies
• One of the isomers is a treatment for Parkinson’s disease
• Spearmint
• how their presence may influence the industrial process, the differences in properties that they might have, and the possible consequences of ignoring the presence of isomerism.
• Yield/cost/ health & safety
• 50:50 ratio (racemic mixture )-
• D-isomer:L-isomer
• Stereoisomers ( +/- = rotate the polarised light to the right +) or to the left (-)
• Stereospecificity
• D (+) – dextrorotatory isomer
• L (-) – Laevorotatory isomer
