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1. In the laboratory Eleonor synthesized ethyl cinnamate and analyzed it by different spectroscopic techniques. She obtained (choose the correct wording)

a. A proton NMR spectra that contained some impurities

b. IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectrums of the compound

c. A UV spectra that confirmed the theoretical melting point

d. A perfect 1H NMR spectrum.

Calculate the concentration of ethanol in a sample of wine in %v/v if the wine is found to contain 0.0056 moles of ethanol in a 4.00mL sample of wine and the density of ethanol is 0.785gmL-1.



Write the mechanism for the following forward and backward reaction. Also explain how do we control the position of equilibrium.

RCOOR' + H2O RCOOH + R'OH
What product(s) would be formed when organolithium reacts with acid chloride, epoxide, nitriles, CO2, alkynes and carbonyl compounds ? Explain with mechanism in each case.
What product(s) would be formed when
organomagnesium reacts with carbonyl compounds,
cyanogen chloride, halogenated compounds and alkyl
chloroformate ? Explain with mechanism in each case.
How would you predict that nitro group in nitrobenzene is an electron withdrawing group?

Draw the structure of (2Z,5Z)-3bromohepta-2,5-diene


Successive IP values of "M" are 5.6 ev, 7.8 ev 9.2 ev, 22.6 ev respectively. What is the formula of the sulphate of the metal?


1)MSO4

2)M2(SO4)3

3) M2SO4

4)M(SO4)2

differentiate amylose from amylopectin polysaccharides in diagrams


explain the functions of glycogen, starch ,cellulose and chitin polysaccharides based on their structural differences include their respective structures branched or non branched [20 marks]


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