Answer to Question #92979 in Organic Chemistry for joyel Gollapalli

Question

1.) What are acids? Their classification and chemical properties?
2.) Write the types of chemical bonds in organic compound?
I want long answer type answer to this questions with equations

Answer 1

(1)

An Acid can be defined in a number of ways. The most common definition of acid being a substance when dissolved in aqueous medium donates H⁺ ion. This is Arrhenius concept. One can also define it according to Lewis theory which states that a substance is an acid if it accepts a lone pair of electron. Thus they can be classified basically in 2 types:

(i) Arrhenius Acid

(ii) Lewis Acid

One can also define bronsted acid which is simply an substance which donates H⁺ to a bronsted Base

Chemical Properties

(i)An acid when reacts with a base generally gives salt and water.

(ii)An Acid when reacts with a metal, liberates hydrogen.

(iii)Acid changes the color of litmus paper to red when in contact.

(iv) Acids can conduct electricity.

(v) Acids are sour in taste.

(2)

In case of organic compounds most of it constitutes C,H,N,O. since carbon have 4 valence electrons it can easily share it's 4 electrons to from a covalent bond with other atoms mostly with carbon and hydrogen. if C shares bond with another C atom then that is purely covalent bond and if other than carbon atom is there it would be polar covalent bond.