Answer to Question #290937 in Organic Chemistry for AJ 17

Question

Give balanced equation for the following reactions:

a. Zinc to sodium zincate -using an alkali

b. Water gas to hydrogen – industrially

c. Sodium aluminate from aluminium

d. Hydrogen from boiling water using a divalent metal

e. Hydrogen from Steam using a metal and the reaction is

reversible

f. Balanced equation for the laboratory preparation of

hydrogen

g. Steps followed in Bosch process

h. Magnesium chloride from HCl

i. Water gas from water

j. Aluminium sulphate from aluminium

Answer 1

$Zn+2NaOH→Na_ 2 ​ ZnO_ 2 ​ +H_ 2 ​ So$

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O → 2NaAlO₂ + 3H.

Bosch process is a process which is used for industrial manufacturing of hydrogen.It is suitable for large scale production of hydrogen by using only water and Coke .

Complete step by step answer:

There are many processes for the production of hydrogen.The commonly used one is Bosch process.

We know that hydrogen is a very important compound as it is used in various reactions and productions of various compounds such as ammonia alcohol etc.

The Bosch process is carried out in 2 steps

Step one: water gas formation

In this step, steam is passed over red hot carbon which yields carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.

Carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas mixture is known as water gas or syngas. For this the temperature is kept at 1200 degrees Celsius

It is written as:

C+H

2

O−

→

−

−

Ni

1200

∘

CO+H

2

C+H2O→Ni1200∘CO+H2

It is an endothermic reaction.

Step 2 separation of CO from water gas and production of H

2

H2 gas

In this step, the water gases mix with the excess steam and it yields carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.

This reaction is carried out at 450 degrees Celsius and Iron oxide or chromium oxide is used as a catalyst to speed up the reaction.

It can be written as:

H

2

+CO+H

2

O−

→

−

−

−

−

−

−

−

450

∘

C

Fe

2

O

3

+Cr

2

O

3

CO

2

+2H

2

H2+CO+H2O→450∘CFe2O3+Cr2O3CO2+2H2

This reaction is exothermic.

The carbon dioxide produced in the second step is separated from the water gas mixture by dissolving it in water at 30 atmosphere pressure to form carbonic acid.

Note:The hydrogen gas production can also be done by uyeno's Process and Lane process. The uyeno’s Method gives the pure form of hydrogen whereas the lane process and Bosch process give large amounts of hydrogen at industrial scale.