Answer to Question #228700 in Organic Chemistry for khorshed

Question

1.What are the characteristics of aromatic compound ?

2.Describe the mechanism of an electrophilic aromatic substitution ?

3.How the substituent groups affect the reactivity of benzene ring ?

4.What is aldol? How can you make it? Show the mechanism of the reaction ?

5.Briefly describe friedel crafts acylation reaction with mechanism ?

Answer 1

1.Aromatic compounds are generally nonpolar and immiscible with water. As they are often unreactive, they are useful as solvents for other nonpolar compounds. Due to their high ratio of carbon to hydrogen, aromatic compounds are characterized by a sooty yellow flame.

2.Resonance involved in the benzene ring makes the delocalized electron span effectively over the carbon atoms in the benzene ring. It partially stabilizes the arenium ion too. Partial stability of arenium ion makes benzene highly prone to electrophilic substitution reactions.

3.The second effect is the result of conjugation of a substituent function with the aromatic ring. This conjugative interaction facilitates electron pair donation or withdrawal, to or from the benzene ring, in a manner different from the inductive shift.

4.An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which an enol or an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.

5.An alkyl group can be added to a benzene molecule by an electrophile aromatic substitution reaction called the Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction. One example is the addition of a methyl group to a benzene ring. An electrophile is formed by the reaction of methylchloride with aluminum chloride.