Question

Explain the chemical reactions carried out in terms of the functional groups and reaction conditions involved.

 Preparation of Aspirin – room temperature; H3PO4 catalyst

 Ester preparation – reflux

 Halogenoalkane - 

(i) For each reaction above, write a balanced displayed formula equation to show the functional groups involved. 

(ii) Write detailed mechanism where relevant.

Answer 1

Aspirin is produced by the reaction of salicylic acid$(C_7H_6O_3)$ with acetic anhydride $(C_4H_6O_3)$ in the presence of $(H_3PO_4)$ as catalyst .It gave Aspirin and acetic acid as products.

Reaction:

$C_7H_6O_3+C_4H_6O_3 \Rightarrow C_9H_8O_4+C_2H_4O_2$

Ester is prepared by the reaction of acid with the alcohol and it also gave ester and water as products

Reaction:

$ROOH+R^1OH\Rightarrow ROOR^1+H_2O$