Question

Compare the mechanisms for the following substitution and addition reactions of benzene:

o the Friedel-Crafts reaction 

o the sulfonation of benzene

o the chlorination of benzene 

o the hydrogenation benzene

You will need to illustrate and explain the reaction mechanism for each one, as well as the similarities and differences that exist between them.

Answer 1

The Friedel-Crafts reaction 

The sulfonation of benzene

The chlorination of benzene 

Above all are Electophilic aromatic substitution reaction and carbocation is as a intermediate which is formed by electrophilic atrack over benzene ring .

In hydrogenation reaction H attachèd after removing Double bond through transition state .