The generic structure of a nitrene group
Nitrigen atom sp hybridized, with two of its four non-bonded electrons as a lone pair in an sp orbital and the other two occupying a degenerate pair of p orbitals. The electron configuration is consistent with Hund's rule: the low energy form is a triplet with one electron in each of the p orbitals and the high energy form is the singlet with an electron pair filling one p orbital and the other p orbital is vacant
The reactions in which nitrenes are formed as internediate are mainly rearrangements reactions, which are the following:
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