Question

What is the equations for the reactions occurring at the electrodes during electrolysis of the following solutions:
a) nickel sulfate with nickel electrodes
b) silver nitrate with silver electrodes
c) copper chloride with copper electrodes

Answer 1

Question #49799, Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry

What is the equations for the reactions occurring at the electrodes during electrolysis of the following solutions:

a) nickel sulfate with nickel electrodes

b) silver nitrate with silver electrodes

c) copper chloride with copper electrodes

ANSWER:

a) K:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Ni}^{2+} + 2\mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Ni} \\ 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 2\mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2 + 2\mathrm{OH}^- \end{array}$$

A:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Ni}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Ni}^{2+} + 2\mathrm{e} \quad \text{E=-0.25 V} \\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}^- \rightarrow \frac{1}{2}\mathrm{O}_2 + 2\mathrm{e}^- + 2\mathrm{H}^+ \quad \text{E=1.23 V} \\ 2\mathrm{SO}_4^{2-} \rightarrow \mathrm{S}_2\mathrm{O}_8^{2-} + 2\mathrm{e} \quad \text{E=2.05 V} \\ \end{array}$$

b)

K:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Ag}^+ + \mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag} \quad \text{E=0.799 V} \\ 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 2\mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2 + 2\mathrm{OH}^- \quad \text{E=-0.41 V} \\ \end{array}$$

A:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Ag}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}^+ + \mathrm{e} \quad \text{E=0.799 V} \\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}^- \rightarrow \frac{1}{2}\mathrm{O}_2 + 2\mathrm{e}^- + 2\mathrm{H}^+ \quad \text{E=1.23 V} \\ \end{array}$$

c)

K:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Cu}^{2+} + 2\mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu} \quad \text{E=0.377 V} \\ 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 2\mathrm{e}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2 + 2\mathrm{OH}^- \quad \text{E=-0.41 V} \\ \end{array}$$

A:

$$\begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Cu}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}^{2+} + 2\mathrm{e} \quad \text{E=0.377 V} \\ 2\mathrm{Cl}^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Cl}_2 + 2\mathrm{e} \quad \text{E=1.359 V} \\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}^- \rightarrow \frac{1}{2}\mathrm{O}_2 + 2\mathrm{e}^- + 2\mathrm{H}^+ \quad \text{E=1.23 V} \\ \end{array}$$

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