Question

Nitrogen dioxide can exist as both monomer and dimer. Based on
magnetic characteristics, how can you differentiate between the two?

Answer 1

Question#46439 - Chemistry - Inorganic Chemistry

Question:

Nitrogen dioxide can exist as both monomer and dimer. Based on magnetic characteristics, how can you differentiate between the two?

Answer:

Nitrogen dioxide is a compound of nitrogen and oxygen. The molar ratio between N and O is 1:2, the formula of nitrogen dioxide is $\mathrm{NO}_2$. $\mathrm{NO}_2$ is a monomer form of oxide, and dimer has formula $\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_4$, it is produced as the result of interaction between two $\mathrm{NO}_2$ molecules. Dimerization process is in equilibrium state:

Lewis formula for $\mathrm{NO}_2$, depicted on the scheme above, states that nitrogen atom possesses unpaired electron. Due to this phenomena, nitrogen dioxide is a paramagnetic. Also it is bent molecule with $C_{2v}$ point group symmetry.

The process of dimerization lets the molecule of nitrogen dioxide pair its unpaired electron, therefore $\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_4$ doesn't have magnetic moment.

The process have negative Gibbs energy, it is more likely to occur and it is spontaneous.

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