Answer to Question #339815 in Inorganic Chemistry for Ayush verma

Question

` 4.Define any five of the following terms : (i) A component (ii) Critical point (iii) molar conductivity (iv) Transference number (v) Standard hydrogen electrode (vi) Electrolytic cells`

Answer 1

(i) Component - It is defined as the smallest number of independently variable constituents taking part in the state of equilibrium by means of which the composition of each phase can be expressed directly or in the form of chemical equation.(ii) A critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve

(iii) Molar conductivity is defined as the conductivity of an electrolytic  solution divided by the molar concentration of the electrolyte, so it measures the efficiency a given electrolyte that conducts electricity in solution. It is the conducting power of all the ions produced by dissolving one mole of an electrolyte in solution.

(iv) The transference number is defined as the ratio of the electric current derived from the cation to the total electric current

(v) The standard hydrogen electrode (abbreviated SHE), is a redox electrode which forms the basis of the thermodynamic scale of oxidation-reduction potentials.

(vi) An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that requires an external source of electrical energy (voltage applied between two electrodes) to drive a chemical reaction that would not otherwise occur. This is in contrast to a galvanic cell, which itself is a source of electrical energy and the foundation of a battery.