Answer to Question #162425 in Inorganic Chemistry for PRAGATEESWARAN

Question

a.     Explain the different types of chemical bonds and describe how each bonds are formed .

b.     Using Lewis dot structures, indicate the movement of electrons during the formation of the ionic compound Calcium Oxide (CaO) from Calcium (Ca) and Oxygen (O).

c.      Draw a sketch of the geometry of NF₃ molecule. Indicate in your sketch any lone pairs of electrons on nitrogen.

d.     Give the molecular geometry for the atoms in the following structure at positions 1,2, and 3.

 

Answer 1

Chemical bonds are forces that hold atoms together to make compounds or molecules.Chemical bonds are the connections between atoms in a molecule. These bonds include both strong intramolecular interactions, such as covalent and ionic bonds. They are related to weaker intermolecular forces, such as dipole-dipole interactions, the London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding. The weaker forces will be discussed in a later concept.

• Chemical bonds include covalent, polar covalent, and ionic bonds.
• Atoms with relatively similar electronegativities share electrons between them and are connected by covalent bonds.
• Atoms with large differences in electronegativity transfer electrons to form ions. The ions then are attracted to each other. This attraction is known as an ionic bond.
• ionic bond: An attraction between two ions used to create an ionic compound. This attraction usually forms between a metal and a non-metal.
• covalent bond: An interaction between two atoms, which involves the sharing of one or more electrons to help each atom satisfy the octet rule. This interaction typically forms between two non-metals.
• intramolecular: Refers to interactions within a molecule.
• intermolecular forces: Refers to interactions between two or more molecules

b) Ca: :O ---> Ca::O ---> Ca-O ---> CaO

c)