General Chemistry Answers

A new sunscreen has been developed that is supposed to be more effective at preventing sunburn. 30 participants spray one arm with the new formula, and the other arm with the leading formula. After 4 hours in the sun, their skin is evaluated for any redness

Draw the molecular orbital diagram for F₂ molecule. Calculate the bond order and predict its magnetic property

For each of the following molecules, write the Lewis structure(s), predict the molecular structure (including bond angles), give expected hybrid orbitals on the central atom, and predict the overall polarity.

a. OF2 b. AsF5 c. IF5

The following ions are best described with resonance structures. Draw the resonance structures, and using formal charge arguments, predict the best Lewis structure for each ion. a. NCO- b. CNO-

How do you How do you infer that cathode rays are ubiquitous for all matters?

9. The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by studying the feeding habits of wild

     chimpanzees in Tanzania. The structure for thiarubin-A is

a. Complete the Lewis structure showing all lone pairs of electrons.

b. Indicate the hybrid orbitals used by the carbon and sulfur atoms in thiarubin-A.

c. How many σ and π bonds are present in this molecule?

7.       Urea, a compound formed in the liver, is one of the ways humans excrete nitrogen.  

          The Lewis structure for urea is

Using hybrid orbitals for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, determine which orbitals overlap

to form the various bonds in urea

8.One of the first drugs to be approved for use in treatment of acquired immune deficiency

  syndrome (AIDS) was azidothymidine (AZT). Complete the Lewis structure for AZT.

a. How many carbon atoms are sp³ hybridized?    

b. How many carbon atoms are sp² hybridized?    

c. Which atom is sp hybridized? 

d. How many σ bonds are in the molecule? 

e. How many π bonds are in the molecule?

f. What is the N=N=N bond angle in the azide (–N₃) group?

g. What is the H–O–C bond angle in the side group attached to the five-membered ring?

h. What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in the –CH₂OH group? 

9. The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by studying the feeding habits of wild

     chimpanzees in Tanzania. The structure for thiarubin-A is

a. Complete the Lewis structure showing all lone pairs of electrons.

b. Indicate the hybrid orbitals used by the carbon and sulfur atoms in thiarubin-A.

c. How many σ and π bonds are present in this molecule?

1.     The following ions are best described with resonance structures. Draw the resonance structures, and using formal charge arguments, predict the best Lewis structure for each ion. a. NCO^- b. CNO^-