Answer to Question #61881 in General Chemistry for DIPENDER

Question

the critical temperature of carbon dioxide and water are 31.1 celcius abd -81.9 deerge celcius respectively .which out of them have stroner intermolecular force and why ?

Answer 1

The critical temperature is the temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied. For water is 374 degrees Celsius.
The critical temperature of a gas is an indication of the strength of the attractive force between its atoms or molecules. The low critical temperature of CO2 indicates that there as weak forces between its molecules. The high critical temperature of water indicates the existence of strong attractive forces between molecules.
We are looking at the intermolecular forces between water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction between neighboring molecules in a sample of a chemical. Water is a highly polar compound that consists of two hydrogens and two electron pairs surrounding oxygen. The molecule has a bent shape, and the hydrogen atoms are attracted to the oxygen electron pairs in neighboring molecules. This is called hydrogen bonding and it is a very strong intermolecular force. Carbon dioxide is a linear molecule with a carbon in the center flanked by two oxygens. It has no net internal molecular polarity since the two carbon-oxygen bonds in opposing directions cancel each other out. As a result, it has very weak intermolecular forces and no hydrogen bonding. This means that water has much stronger intermolecular forces of attraction than CO2. This can be readily seen by the fact that water is a liquid and CO2 is a gas. A liquid will have more attractive forces between its molecules than a gas due to the major difference in density between the two phases.