Answer to Question #56319 in General Chemistry for Tracy Guido

Question

What would it look like and does a reaction occur:

Fe and HCl

Zn and HCl

Cu and HCl

Fe and HNO3

Cu and HNO3

Zn and HNO3

Answer 1

Iron and zinc force out hydrogen from hydrochloric acid:

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2↑

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑

Copper is among tension after hydrogen therefore doesn't force out hydrogen from the diluted solution of a hydrochloric acid:
Cu + HCl ≠
With the concentrated hot hydrochloric acid:
2Cu + 4HCl → 2H[CuCl2] + H2↑

With the diluted hydrochloric acid in the presence of oxygen and with a gaseous HCl at 500 — 600 °C:
2Cu + 4HCl + O2 = 2CuCl2 + 2H2O


At interaction of nitric acid of any concentration and the concentrated chamois with metals hydrogen is never emitted.

The concentrated cold nitric acid passivates iron:
Fe + HNO3 ≠

When heating:
Fe + 6HNO3(конц.)→ Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2↑ + 3H2O

With the diluted nitric acid
Fe + 4HNO3 = Fe(NO3)3 + NO↑ + 2H2O.

With the concentrated nitric acid:


With the diluted nitric acid:


With the concentrated nitric acid:
Zn + 4HNO3 = Zn(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑+ 2H2O
With the diluted nitric acid
4Zn + 10HNO3 = 4Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O.