Answer to Question #289328 in General Chemistry for gus

Question

#1) Using Quantum Theory to explain give the stable ions that Ge and Bi can form.

#2) The following series of equations represent a method of decomposing water vapour to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

1) 6 FeCl2(s) + 8 H2O(g) + 636 kJ → 2 Fe3O4(s) + 12 HCl(g) + 2 H2(g)

2) Fe3O4(s) + 3/2 Cl2(g) + 6 HCl(g) → 3 FeCl3(s) + 3 H2O(g) + ½ O2(g) + 249 kJ

3) 3/2 FeCl2(s) + 3/4 Cl2(g) → 3/2 FeCl3(s) + 87 kJ a)

Show that the net result of the three reactions is the decomposition of water. b) Use Hess’s law and the enthalpy changes for the reactions to determine the enthalpy change for the decomposition of one mole of water.

Answer 1

Quantum theory states that there are only certain allowed energy states for an electron and that these are quantized.

Stable ions for Ge = Ge+4-

Stable ions for Bi = Bi+3

The total enthalpy change in a chemical reaction is independent of the route by which the chemical reaction takes place as long as the initial and final conditions are the same.